Tar-separating apparatus



Ma 27, 1930. E UTTE El AL 1,760,058

TAR SEPARATING APPARATUS Filed NOV. 28, 1927 Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EENRI HENNEBUTTE AND EDOUARD GOU'IAL, OI PARIS, IRANCE, ASSIGNOBS TO 80- CIETE ANONYHE LA OARBONITE OF ST. DENIS-SUR-SEINE, FRANCE, A. COMPANY 01 FRANCE TAR-SEPARATING APPARATUS Application fled November as, 1927, Serial No. 236,847, aim in France December 2, 1928.

The first classification of the gasified products obtained during the operations of carbonizing wood, peat, lignite etc. (and the like), has for its object to obtain a separation which is as com lete as possible between the vapors condensa at the ordinary temperature and the gases which are not condensable in theseconditions.

Apparatus are used for this purpose in which the mixture of gas and vapor, when in contact with suitable surfaces which are artificially cooled, is subjected to a reduction of temperature such that it will more or less completely give up the condensable vapors, such as the tars and water vapor whilst on the other hand the gasesproperly so called are discharged. V

This operation, which requires large heat exchanging surfaces in apparatus of great size, and very" active cooling processes, for

instance the use of large quantities of cold water, has been rendered more-effective by the use of washing or bubbling methods making it possible more com letely to collect the 25 vapors by means of suita le solvents.

' For such purposes, various arrangements have been devised in which the liquid prod nets in greater or less quantities are placed in contact with the vaporized products which are to be condensed.

The present'inv'ention has for its object'an apparatus for the application of the methods based upon this last-mentioned principle.

The said apparatus will assure, with a small expenditure of power, an energetic stirring of the material already liquefied and the gasified 'poducts to be separated, so that when 0 rating for instance at about 100 degrees there will be obtained an absolute separation between the water vapor and the permanent gases on the one hand, and the condensable products on the other hand.

The apparatuscomprisesareceptaclewithin which the hot gasestobeseparated arebrought into a tapered vessel having a movement of rapid rotation on its axis, and coaxial with a second tapered vessel which is stationary and I has the peri heral position. The condensed products co ect: at the bottom of said recep- 50 tacle and are mixed up by stirring devices receptacle 1, whic mounted on the rotary tapered vessel. The said products are finally withdrawn through curved pipes which conduct them above the central region of the rotary tapered vessel, whence they descend into the mass. We utilize in this manner the triple action of the centrifugal force produced by the rotation of the tapered vessel, of the entraining and the stirring by the stirring members mounted on the said tapered vessel, and of the circulation in a closed circuit in the curved tubes.

The following description, with reference to the appended drawings WhlCh are given by way of example,show'the manner in whic the invention may be carried into efiect.

Figs. 1 and 2 represent respectively in vertical section and in horizontal section, the apparatus according to the invention.

' A receptacle 1 of small volume and of spe-' cial form is placed" in the insulating casing 2; it is supp ied by the conduit 3 with the current of hot gases whose condensable vapors are to be retained. The said conduit which is extended in the form of a tapered vessel 4 contains a secondltapered vessel 5 with flaring bottom part, which is mounted on a shaft 6 and is-given amovement ofv rotation at variable speeds by means of the pul-' leys 7 and 8 actuated by beltingor 'by other means. Upon the internal walle ofthe rotary tapered vessel '5 are mounted the-.bladesjor stirrers 9rwhose form is such as to provide for the stirring andmixing of the liquid mass.

and'the gaseous piroducts contained in theh stirring, combined with. the effect of the rotation of the tapered vesseldproduces a sort of emulsion ofthe liquid an the gaseous substances which are thus placed in close contact.

Upon the walls of the receptacle 1 are mounted the curved tubes 10 which may be provided in any. suitable number and whose ends are immersed in the mass of liquid in such mannerthatthis moving mass will be taken up 'by said tubes and will be-continually dischar ed into the middle part of the apparatus t rou h the medium of the inchned planes 14, wgilst the unc ndensable gases will evacuated througlhs'zhe nduit 1 5. A pipe 16, whose harge cai be regulated by overflow, serves to maintain a constant level for the condensed liquid in the interior of the apparatus.

A pressure-gauge 17 serves as an indicator for regulating the speed of rotation so as to obtain the suction or vacuum which may be desired.

The said apparatus effects a very complete separation between the gases and the vapors.

The tar will for instance be entirely condensed, whilst the fixed gases and the water vapor will be drawn off, if care is taken to operate at a sufficiently high temperature. It will constitute an excellent separator for the tar in carbonizing apparatus, and chiefly in sets of ortable furnaces operating in forests in whic sources of cooling Water are entirely absent.

It is obvious that modifications may be made in the construction of the said apparatus, without departing from the principle of the present invention.

In this manner the principle of the apparatus may be extended so as to comprise the separation of gases from vapors in Widely differing circumstances.

WVhat we claim is:

1. A separator for gases and condensable vapors, more especially applicable to the classification of the gasified products obtained in the course of the carbonization of wood, peat, lignite, etc., and comprising a receptacle, a conduit for the gasified products leading to the central part of said receptacle, a rotary member in this conduit, vanes on said rotary member for stirring the liquid in the receptacle, and curved tubes having theirinlet ends at the lower part of the receptacle and their outlets at a higher level above said rotary member and adapted to circulate the liquid material contained in said receptacle.

2. An apparatus for the purpose specified, comprising in combination a receptacle for the materials to be separated, a conduit terminating in a truncated cone whereby said materials are brought to the middle part of said receptacle, a second truncated cone rotatably supported within the first and provided with blades for stirring said materials, and curved pipes having their inlets near the bottom of said receptacle and their outlets at a higher level and opening towards the center of the receptacle and adapted to circulate the liquid material contained in said receptacle.

In testimony whereof We have signed this specification.

I HENRI HENNEBUTTE.

EDOUARD GOUTAL. 

